You’re scrolling through adorable small dog photos online when it hits you: two absolutely gorgeous breeds that look like they were designed by someone who thought regular dogs needed more elegance and fluff. A Shih Tzu with its flowing coat and dignified expression sits next to a pristine white Maltese that looks like a living cotton ball with attitude. Both are stunning, both are small, and both are making your heart melt into a puddle.
Here’s the thing about choosing between a Shih Tzu vs Maltese is like picking between two different flavors of perfection. I’ve been around both breeds for years through my work with local rescue groups, and let me tell you, these dogs couldn’t be more different despite their similar size and grooming needs. My friend’s Shih Tzu, Buddha, approaches life like a zen master who occasionally gets excited about dinner, while the Maltese at our local dog park, Princess (yes, really), acts like she expects a red carpet wherever she walks.
Physical Differences: More Than Just Coat Color
Size and Build Variations
Shih Tzus typically weigh 9-16 pounds and stand about 9-10.5 inches tall, making them slightly larger and more substantial than most people expect. They have a sturdy, compact build that gives them surprising stability for their size. Buddha feels solid when you pick him up, like a well-built little tank wrapped in silk.
Maltese dogs usually weigh 4-7 pounds and reach 7-9 inches in height. They’re more delicate in build, with a rectangular body shape that’s elegant and refined. The size difference might not seem huge on paper, but in practice, it’s like the difference between holding a hardcover book versus a paperback.
Facial Structure and Expression
Shih Tzu faces are characterized by their flat, pushed-in features with large, dark eyes and a short muzzle. Their expression often looks wise and slightly amused, like they’re in on some cosmic joke the rest of us haven’t figured out yet. The breed standard calls for a “chrysanthemum face” because their facial hair grows in all directions from the center.
Maltese faces are more refined with a slightly longer muzzle (though still short), dark round eyes, and a black button nose. Their expression tends to be alert and lively, often with an expectant look like they’re waiting for something fabulous to happen. Princess definitely has that “I’m ready for my close-up” expression down pat.
Coat Characteristics and Textures
Here’s where things get really interesting. Shih Tzu coats are double-layered with a soft undercoat and a longer topcoat that can be slightly wavy or straight. Colors include gold and white, black and white, solid gold, black, and various combinations. Their coat has more texture and body than a Maltese coat.
Maltese coats are single-layered, pure white, and silky straight. This coat grows continuously and can reach floor length if maintained properly. The texture is like touching liquid silk—absolutely gorgeous but requiring different care techniques than the thicker Shih Tzu coat.
Personality and Temperament Showdown
Energy Levels and Activity Requirements
Shih Tzus are moderate energy dogs with a calm, steady temperament. They enjoy daily walks and playtime but are equally happy lounging around the house being decorative. Buddha’s idea of a perfect day involves a short walk, some gentle play, and several strategic napping sessions in sunny spots.
Maltese dogs tend to be more energetic and alert despite their tiny size. They’re playful, sometimes to the point of being feisty, and can be surprisingly athletic. Princess runs circles around dogs twice her size at the dog park and still has energy left over to supervise the entire neighborhood from her front window.
Social Behavior and Stranger Interactions
Shih Tzus are generally friendly and outgoing with strangers once properly socialized. They were bred to be companion dogs for Chinese royalty, so they have an innate understanding of how to be charming and sociable. Buddha greets everyone like they might be his new best friend, though he maintains a certain dignified reserve.
Maltese dogs can be more reserved with strangers and may take time to warm up to new people. They’re often protective of their family and can be excellent little watchdogs. However, once they accept someone, they’re incredibly affectionate and devoted.
Intelligence and Trainability Differences
Both breeds are intelligent, but they show it in different ways. Shih Tzus are smart but can be somewhat stubborn about training. They understand what you want them to do; they just might not see the point in doing it immediately. Positive reinforcement works best, along with patience and a sense of humor.
Maltese dogs are generally more eager to please and respond well to consistent, gentle training methods. They’re sensitive souls who don’t handle harsh corrections well but thrive with praise and treats. They can be surprisingly quick learners when motivated properly.
Grooming Requirements: The High-Maintenance Reality
Daily Maintenance Routines
Let’s talk about the elephant in the room: both breeds require significant daily grooming. Shih Tzu coats need daily brushing to prevent matting, especially around the legs, behind the ears, and under the arms. Their double coat can become a tangled nightmare if you skip even a few days.
Maltese daily grooming focuses on preventing tangles in their silky coat and keeping their face clean. Their continuously growing coat means any missed grooming sessions can result in mats that require professional attention to remove safely.
Professional Grooming Needs
Shih Tzus need professional grooming every 6-8 weeks for trimming, bathing, and nail care. Many owners opt for shorter “puppy cuts” that reduce daily maintenance while keeping their dogs comfortable and adorable. Buddha rocks a shorter cut most of the year, which makes him look like a teddy bear that learned to walk.
Maltese dogs require professional grooming every 4-6 weeks to maintain coat health and length. Show-length coats need even more frequent professional attention. Most pet parents choose shorter styles that maintain the breed’s elegance while being more manageable for daily life.
Seasonal Grooming Considerations
Shih Tzu grooming stays fairly consistent year-round, though many owners opt for shorter cuts during summer months to help with heat management. Their double coat provides good insulation but can make them prone to overheating.
Maltese grooming may require more frequent washing during muddy seasons since their white coat shows every speck of dirt. FYI, keeping a white dog pristine is basically a full-time job, especially if they enjoy outdoor adventures.
Health Considerations and Lifespan
Breed-Specific Health Issues
Shih Tzus are prone to several health conditions:
- Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (breathing difficulties)
- Eye problems including corneal ulcers and dry eye
- Hip dysplasia
- Kidney problems
- Heart issues
- Luxating patella (kneecap dislocation)
Maltese dogs face their own health challenges:
- Luxating patella
- White shaker syndrome
- Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
- Dental problems
- Heart issues
- Liver shunt
Life Expectancy Differences
Both breeds are long-lived with proper care. Shih Tzus typically live 10-18 years, with an average of around 13-15 years. Maltese dogs often live 12-15 years, sometimes longer. Good genetics, proper nutrition, and regular veterinary care significantly impact longevity in both breeds.
Exercise and Physical Health Requirements
Shih Tzus need moderate exercise that can usually be met with daily walks and some indoor play. Their flat faces mean they can overheat easily, so exercise should be adjusted for weather conditions and individual tolerance levels.
Maltese dogs need similar exercise levels but may have more endurance than their size suggests. They enjoy walks, play sessions, and mental stimulation activities. Their smaller size makes them more portable for various activities and outings.
Living Situation Compatibility
Apartment vs. House Living Considerations
Both breeds are excellent apartment dogs due to their size and moderate exercise needs. Shih Tzus are particularly well-suited to apartment life because of their calm temperament and lower barking tendencies compared to many small breeds.
Maltese dogs adapt well to apartments but may be more vocal about neighborhood activities. Their alertness makes them good watchdogs, though this can translate to more frequent barking in busy environments.
Family Dynamics and Child Interactions
Shih Tzus are generally good with children when properly socialized, especially older children who understand gentle handling. Their sturdy build makes them less fragile than some toy breeds, though supervision is still important.
Maltese dogs can be excellent family pets but may be better suited to families with older children due to their smaller size and more delicate bone structure. They can be wonderful companions for gentle children who understand their needs.
Multi-Pet Household Suitability
Shih Tzus typically get along well with other pets when introduced properly. Their generally peaceful nature makes them good candidates for multi-pet households, though they may prefer other calm, similarly sized animals.
Maltese dogs can coexist with other pets but may need more careful introductions and supervision. They can be protective of their territory and family, which sometimes creates tension with other pets.
Training and Behavioral Management
House Training Challenges
Both breeds can present house training challenges, but for different reasons. Shih Tzus may be slow to house train due to their independent nature and small bladder size. Consistency and patience are essential for success.
Maltese dogs can also be challenging to house train, often due to their small size making accidents less noticeable to owners initially. Crate training and consistent schedules work well for both breeds.
Barking and Noise Management
Shih Tzus are generally quieter than many small breeds, though they will bark to alert their families of visitors or unusual activities. They’re not typically problem barkers when their needs are met.
Maltese dogs can be more vocal and may need training to manage excessive barking. Their alertness and protective instincts can lead to reactive barking if not properly channeled through training.
Cost Considerations and Long-Term Budgeting
Initial Purchase Costs
Shih Tzu prices typically range from $1,000-$3,000 depending on bloodlines, breeder reputation, and location. Show-quality dogs with champion bloodlines command higher prices than pet-quality animals.
Maltese prices usually range from $1,000-$4,000 with their pure white coat and elegant appearance often commanding premium prices. The breed’s popularity and grooming requirements can affect pricing in different markets.
Ongoing Care Expenses
Professional grooming costs represent a significant ongoing expense for both breeds. Expect to pay $60-$120 every 6-8 weeks for professional grooming, depending on your location and the complexity of the cut you choose.
Healthcare expenses can be substantial due to both breeds’ predisposition to certain conditions. Regular dental care is particularly important and expensive for both breeds due to their small mouths and crowded teeth.
Food and Supply Considerations
Small dog portions mean lower daily feeding costs, but both breeds benefit from high-quality small breed formulas that often cost more per pound. Special dietary needs related to allergies or health conditions can increase food expenses.
Grooming supplies for home maintenance can add up quickly. Quality brushes, combs, shampoos, and other grooming tools are essential investments for either breed.
Lifestyle Compatibility Assessment
Ideal Shih Tzu Owner Profile
Shih Tzu owners should appreciate calm, steady companions who enjoy being pampered but don’t demand constant attention. You’ll need commitment to daily grooming and patience with a sometimes stubborn but ultimately loving personality.
If you want a dog who’s content to be your shadow without being clingy, and you enjoy the meditative aspects of daily grooming routines, a Shih Tzu might be perfect for you.
Perfect Maltese Family Situation
Maltese owners should be prepared for a more energetic, alert companion who forms intense bonds with their family. You’ll need dedication to maintaining their beautiful coat and understanding of their sensitive, sometimes protective nature.
If you want an elegant, devoted companion who will alert you to everything happening in your neighborhood while looking absolutely gorgeous doing it, a Maltese could be ideal.
Key Decision Factors
Consider these questions when choosing between breeds:
- Do you prefer a calmer, more independent personality or a more alert, protective nature?
- Can you commit to daily grooming regardless of which breed you choose?
- Do you want a sturdier build or don’t mind a more delicate dog?
- How important is coat color and maintenance level to your lifestyle?
- Do you prefer a quieter dog or don’t mind more vocal communication?
Making Your Final Decision
Matching Breed to Lifestyle
Consider your daily routine and energy levels when making this decision. Shih Tzus fit well into calm, steady households where they can be loving but independent companions. Maltese dogs thrive in homes where they can be more involved in daily activities and receive plenty of attention.
Think about your grooming commitment honestly. Both breeds require significant coat care, but the techniques and time investment differ. Maltese coats need more frequent professional attention, while Shih Tzu coats require more thorough daily brushing sessions.
Long-Term Considerations
Both breeds are long-term commitments that will likely be part of your family for over a decade. Consider how their needs will fit into your changing lifestyle over the years, including potential moves, family changes, and aging-related care requirements.
IMO, the most important factor is honestly assessing which personality type appeals to you more: the zen master approach of a Shih Tzu or the elegant alertness of a Maltese.
Final Thoughts
Choosing between a Shih Tzu and a Maltese really comes down to what kind of small dog energy you want in your life. Both breeds will steal your heart, both require significant grooming commitment, and both will provide years of companionship and love.
Buddha just walked past my desk with his post-grooming swagger, looking like he knows he’s fabulous but doesn’t need to prove it to anyone. Meanwhile, Princess from down the street is probably stationed at her window, making sure the neighborhood meets her standards of acceptable activity 🙂
The “right” choice depends entirely on your lifestyle, personality preferences, and grooming commitment level. Both breeds are wonderful in their own ways—Shih Tzus bring calm elegance and steady companionship, while Maltese offer devoted alertness wrapped in silky white perfection.
Whatever you choose, you’re signing up for a lifetime of love, laughter, and yes, a lot of brushing. But when you see that little face looking up at you with pure adoration, you’ll realize that every grooming session and every vet bill is completely worth it for the joy these incredible little dogs bring to our lives.
